Political Science is the systematic study of political systems, governance, and the behaviour of individuals and institutions within the realm of politics. In a diverse and complex country like India, with a rich history of political evolution, Political Science offers an exciting avenue for those eager to understand the intricacies of power, policy, and the dynamics that shape the nation’s political landscape. In this article, we will delve into the world of Political Science in India, covering educational pathways, career prospects, and the journey to becoming a political scientist.
Specializations in Political Science
Political Science offers a diverse array of specializations, providing individuals with the opportunity to delve deep into areas that align with their interests and career aspirations. Here are some of the key specializations within Political Science, each representing a rich field of study and exploration:
Political Theory:
Political theorists are dedicated to unravelling the philosophical underpinnings of politics. They explore complex concepts such as justice, democracy, liberty, and power, delving into the works of renowned political thinkers throughout history. Their contributions actively shape the development of political thought and ideology.
International Relations:
Specialists in international relations navigate the intricate web of interactions between countries on the global stage. They analyze the dynamics of diplomacy, and the impact of international organizations, and tackle critical global issues such as conflicts, trade, climate change, and human rights. Their work contributes to our understanding of the complexities of the international political arena.
Comparative Politics:
Comparative political scientists embark on a journey of understanding by studying various political systems. They meticulously compare the structures, behaviours, and outcomes of different governments and societies. Their goal is to identify patterns and trends that shed light on the rich diversity of political systems worldwide.
Public Policy:
Political scientists specializing in public policy play a pivotal role in the formulation, implementation, and evaluation of government policies. They collaborate closely with policymakers and public agencies to address pressing societal issues and actively influence decision-making processes that shape public policy.
Political Economy:
Political economists explore the intricate interplay between politics and economics. They conduct in-depth analyses to understand how policies and institutions impact economic development, income inequality, and the dynamics of markets. Their research informs our knowledge of the complex relationship between political decisions and economic outcomes.
Becoming a Political Scientist in India
If you aspire to pursue a career in Political Science in India, here’s the educational path to becoming a political scientist:
Step 1: Choosing Your Educational Stream To lay a strong foundation for higher studies in Political Science, you can select the Arts or Humanities stream during your Class XII education. Subjects such as Political Science, History, Economics, and Sociology can provide valuable insights into politics and society.
Step 2: Pursuing a Bachelor’s Degree in Political Science Begin your journey by enrolling in a bachelor’s degree program in Political Science. This undergraduate program typically covers core topics like political theory, government and politics in India, and international relations.
Notable institutions offering B.A. in Political Science include:
- Delhi University
- Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU)
- Presidency University, Kolkata
- St. Xavier’s College, Mumbai
- Panjab University, Chandigarh
Step 3: Pursuing a Master’s Degree in Political Science To advance your career prospects and engage in in-depth research, consider pursuing a master’s degree (M.A.) in Political Science. The curriculum at this level explores specialized areas of Political Science and often includes coursework and research projects.
Admission criteria may vary, with some universities requiring entrance exams or merit-based selection. Be sure to review the specific admission requirements of your chosen institution.
Career Prospects for Political Science:
The field of Political Science in India opens up a wide spectrum of career opportunities for those who are passionate about understanding and shaping the political landscape. Here’s a comprehensive look at the diverse career prospects available to political scientists:
Teaching and Research: Political scientists with advanced degrees often choose the path of academia. They become professors and researchers in esteemed academic institutions, where they not only impart knowledge to the next generation but also contribute to the field through cutting-edge research.
Civil Services: A significant number of political science graduates aspire to serve the nation through civil services. They compete for prestigious positions like the Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Police Service (IPS), and Indian Foreign Service (IFS), where they play critical roles in the administration and governance of the country.
Political Analyst: Political scientists with a keen analytical mind find their niche as political analysts. They provide valuable insights and expertise to political parties, media organizations, and think tanks. Their analyses help shape public discourse and inform political decision-making.
International Organizations: For those interested in global governance and diplomacy, opportunities abound in international bodies such as the United Nations and the World Trade Organization. Political scientists contribute to international relations, peacekeeping efforts, and the resolution of global challenges.
Public Policy and Administration Analyst: Political scientists are instrumental in public administration and policymaking at various levels of government. They collaborate with government agencies to formulate, implement, and evaluate policies that address pressing societal issues, contributing to the welfare and progress of the nation.
Journalism and Media: Some graduates of political science enter the dynamic field of journalism and media. Their expertise in politics, government, and international affairs equips them to cover and analyze critical events, providing the public with well-informed perspectives on political developments.
Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs): Political scientists make a significant impact in the nonprofit sector. They work with NGOs dedicated to a wide range of issues, including human rights, environmental conservation, and social justice. They design and implement programs, advocate for policy changes, and collaborate with communities to bring about positive societal change.
Corporate and Private Sector: The skills of political scientists in critical thinking, analysis, and understanding of policy can be valuable in the corporate world. They may work in roles such as corporate governance, public relations, and corporate social responsibility, ensuring that companies navigate the political and regulatory landscape effectively.
Political Consultancy: Some political scientists opt for careers in political consultancy. They provide expert advice and strategic guidance to political candidates, parties, and campaigns, helping them navigate the complex world of politics and elections.
Average Annual Salary
The average annual salary for individuals with a degree in political science can vary significantly based on several factors, including the level of education, years of experience, the specific job or career path, and the geographic location. Here’s a general overview of salary ranges for different career paths related to political science:
| Career Option | Average Salary |
| Political Analyst | Rs 20,000- 60,000 per month |
| Civil Servant | Rs 56,000-2,00,000 (depending on years of experience) |
| Public Affairs Analyst | Rs 30,000- 60,000 per month (depending on the job profile) |
| Legislative Assistant | Rs 20,000- 50,000 per month (depending on the job profile) |
| College Professor | Rs 50,000-1,00,000 per month (depending on the job profile) |
Pros and Cons of a Career in Political Science
As with any profession, a career in Political Science comes with its advantages and challenges:
Pros:
- Opportunity to engage with and influence political decision-making.
- Diverse career options in academia, public policy, diplomacy, and more.
- An understanding of the complex world of politics and governance.
Cons:
- Competitive job market, especially for government positions.
- Initial salaries may be lower compared to some other professions.
In a world marked by ever-evolving political landscapes and global challenges, a career in Political Science equips individuals with the tools to analyze and shape the future of governance and policy. If you have a passion for unravelling the complexities of politics and governance, consider embarking on a journey into the field of Political Science in India, where the opportunities are as diverse as the political landscape you’ll explore.
